Powrie, soil mechanics spon press, london, new york. Class 1 moisture content specific gravity geotechnical engineeri. This test is done to determine the specific gravity of finegrained soil by density bottle method as per is. A 5 to 10g subsample should be obtained by riffling and ovendried at a temperature of 105 to 110 o c. You are given the following results from atterberg limits testing on a soil sample wp 23%, wl 50% collected from a boring on a local project site. This comparison is in the form of ratio and is termed as the specific gravity of the soil.
The soil sample to be tested for specific gravity must be. Unit weight and specific gravity soil mechanics youtube. Then read introduction to geotechnical engineering by holtz and kovacs. The average value of specific gravity of the tested soil sample equals to 2. Soil mechanics lab manual prepares readers to enter the field with a collection of the most common soil mechanics tests. These test methods cover the determination of the specific gravity of soil solids passing a sieve by means of a water pycnometer. It is some times required to compare the density of the soil solids to the density of water. Soil mechanics notes pdf book download thank you for sharing these notes on soil mechanics. The specific gravity of soil solids, gs, is a significant material property in geomechanics. What are the usual values of specific gravity of soil. Determine the specific gravity of soil civil engineering portal. Standard proctor compaction test and modified proctor compaction test. Soil mechanics lectures, class notes, research manuals.
Pdf determination of saline soils specific gravity researchgate. Comprehensive in scope, this book provides accessible coverage of a critical topic, providing the background aspiring engineers. Write a note on the importance of the subject of soil mechanics for civil engineering two soil classification. Determine the specific gravity of soil civil engineering. Soil and foundation principles and practice, fifth edition. If the soils consist of porous and organic materials, a specific gravity value of less than 2 will be obtained. What are the best books for soil mechanics for competition. In short, the conventional specific gravity test consists. Avail civil engineering green card soil mechanics and foundations by b. The specific gravity of soil is defined as the unit weight of the soil mass divided by the unit weight of distilled water at 4c. This book introduces the basic principles of engineering behaviour of soils. Soil and foundation engineering ced 43 designator of legally binding document. A in a direct shear box test, the plane of shear failure is predetermined b better control is achieved on the drainage of the soil in a triaxial compression test c stress distribution on the failure plane in the case of triaxial compression test is uniform d unconfined compression test can be carried out on all types of soils.
Dkmamonai09ce37 slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Nov 05, 2019 here are the best books for geotech engineering by toppers and experts. This is the screenbook version of the book on soil mechanics, used at the delft. Therefore the utmost care should be taken to minimize the effect of these processes in order for the results of laboratory tests to represent the insitu soil behavior accurately. Soil mechanics and foundation engineering mcq test set 01. Apr 29, 2017 unit weight and specific gravity soil mechanics. A simplified approach of determining the specific gravity of. Soil density and unit weight mcgrawhill education access. Soil mechanics arnold verruijt delft university of technology, 2001, 2006 this is the screen version of the book soil mechanics, used at the delft university of technology. This video describes the various methods to calculate the unit weight and specific gravity of soil. These programs can be used as tests by entering the student.
Soil mechanics is the branch of science that deals with the study of the physical properties of soil and the behaviour of soil masses subjected to various types of forces. In order to restore a river embankment damaged by an earthquake, a soil of 50,000 m3 estimated after compaction was needed. This informed reference begins with basic principles and calculations, illustrating physical meanings of the unit weight of soil, specific gravity, water content, void. Specific gravity test on soil free download as pdf file. The specific gravity of the soil particles lie with in the range of 2. Here qx, qy and qz are the components of the specific discharge, that is the. Organic matter and porous particles may have specific gravity values below 2. Specific gravity determination pycnometer method soil. The intent is to present the mechanics of performing each test, not the theory behind the test. The soil sample 50g should if necessary be ground to pass through a 2mm is sieve. From the laboratory tests of soil from the excavation site, the water content was w 15%, and the void ratio was e 0.
Specific gravity of solids by density bottle method. In a shrinkage limit test, the volume and mass of a dry soil pat are found to be 50 cm 3 and 88 g, respectively. Name what type of soil is it, according to their size. Soil mechanics offers indepth information on the behavior of soil under wet, dry, or transiently wet conditions, with detailed explanations of stress, strain, shear, loading, permeability, flow, improvement, and more. In fact, according to terzaghi, it is difficult to draw a distinct line of demarcation between soil mechanics and foundation engineering.
The specific gravity of so il generally ranges from 2. The specific gravity of soil particles will come within the range of 2. Pdf this research was carried out to develop a new testing method that capable to. It was found that the specific gravity value obtained from the partially vacuum and. Standard test methods for specific gravity of soil solids by. This video is prepared in 2011 by middle east technical university civil engineering department undergraduate students makbule ilgac, gizem can. Specific gravity is the ratio of the weight in air of a given volume. Feb 22, 2011 the specific gravity of soil is an important weightvolume property that is helpful in classifying soils and in finding other weightvolume properties like void ratio, porosity, and unit weight. Soil solids for these test methods do not include solids which can be altered by these methods, contaminated with a substance that prohibits the use of these methods, or are highly organic soil solids, such as fibrous matter which floats in water. The purpose of this manual is to present the geotechnical test methods used by the soil mechanics laboratory of the new york state department of transportation s geotechnical engineering bureau. A specific gravity value greater than 3 will be shown by soils that have heavy substances. In general, this is an ok book that works well with classes that are in a 2year aas program, and it would probably suffice in a 4year civil engineering soils mechanics class. Unless or otherwise specified specific gravity values reported shall be based on water at 27 0 c. Then we filled it to 500 ml with distilled water and weighed it again.
The text is designed in such a manner that the syllabi of a core course in soil mechanics geotechnical engineering i prescribed in the curriculum of most of the indian universities is covered. Calculations, principles, and methods provides expert insights into the nature of soil mechanics through the use of calculation and problemsolving techniques. Relative sliding of soil particles result in rearrangementof soil particles, which is a nonlinear and irreversible phenomena, thus resulting in a nonlinear and irreversible stressstrain behavior of soils. Different particles have different specific gravity. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. Soil mechanics terzaghi stated in his book theoretical soil mechanics 1943. Wm is the weight of the material solid, liquid or gas, vm is the volume of the material, gm is the specific gravity of the material weight of a material relative to the weight of an equal volume of water dimensionless and. Practicing all soil mechanics and foundation civil engineering questions and answers in online helps you to improve your ability to attend the real time gate, ies and bsnl jto exams. Specific gravity of soil test by pycnometer method. Class 1 moisture content specific gravity geotechnical engineering. In this lab we first weighed an empty ml graduated cylinder.
The procedures for all of these tests are written in accordance with applicable american society for testing and materials astm standards. So when we said that specific gravity of soils is 2. Bring observation note books, lab manuals and other necessary things for the class. Free online soil mechanics practice and preparation tests.
Procedure to determine the specific gravity of finegrained soil. Sep 17, 2016 i can tell you about gate exam, for soil mechanics, dont look for anything beyond basic and applied soil mechanics, ranjan and rao. Specific gravity of soil by pycnometer methodprocedure. It is clear from table 1 in the theory part that the test was done on a sand sample of soil due to the range of the values of specific gravity. Test procedure to determine specific gravity of solids using density bottle consists following steps. Specific gravity of soil is a very important parameter which is used to determine particle size and void ratio.
Specific gravity values in soil engineering, unless specified, are usually reported at 27 degree centigrade temperature, which is considered as room temperature. Soil and its common questions asked in exams like what is soil. Firstly clean the density bottle and put it in an oven at a temperature of 105 0 c to 100 0 c for drying. Overall strain of a soil mass is the combined effect of particle deformation and interparticle sliding. The book goes on to provide expert coverage regarding the use of soil.
After drying, put it in the desiccator to cool down. Soil composition, soil classification, soil compaction, hydraulic conductivity, and soil stresses. Soil mechanics and foundations is written especially for students preparing for competitive examination in civil engineering. Pdf determination of soil specific gravity by using partially. The test soil is mixed with distilled water to form a thick homogeneous paste and stored for 24h.
Determination of specific gravity of soil solids by pycnometer method. Specific gravity of soil test civil engineering community. What are the best ways to understand soil mechanics. Sometimes the objective questions are straight from this book. Soils containing organic matter and porous particles may have specific gravity values below 2. The spl test provides a cpod measure of sand consistency1 the dutch cone and the piezocone are useful for defining soil layering and groundwater conditions 1 in situ pressure meters measure the soil. Mar 27, 2014 you are going to understand the subject by carefully reading a handful of books. The photos and diagrams are good and clear, as are the descriptions. Soil mechanics in engineering practice lectures soil mechanics introduction and definition. Introduction to soil mechanics geotechnical engineering.
887 790 364 175 72 71 223 789 638 549 1086 1039 1037 487 528 1340 355 1162 422 148 1135 1247 1011 45 135 313 1433 40 993 62 386 538